Gestational Diabetes ~ What Is This??

I am now into my 30th week in pregnancy and during my last gynae appointment, I was told that my sugar content was on the 'high' level, also known as Gestational Diabetes.

During the previous OGTT test, I was on the borderlined mark. I thought I have controlled my diet but the test today showed otherwise. ~sigh~

What exactly is Gestational Diabetes, why do I have it and what should I do?
Gestational diabetes is a condition characterized by high blood glucose (sugar) levels that are discovered during pregnancy. Research shows that 3%-5% of all pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

What Causes Gestational Diabetes?
Gestational diabetes is the result of some hormonal changes that occur in all women during pregnancy. Increased levels of certain hormones made in the placenta (the organ that connects the baby by the umbilical cord to the uterus and transfers nutrients from the mother to the baby) interfere with the ability of insulin to manage glucose. This condition is called "insulin resistance." As the placenta grows larger during pregnancy, it produces more hormones and increases this insulin resistance.

Usually the mother's pancreas is able to produce more insulin (about three times the normal amount) to overcome the insulin resistance. If, however, the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin to overcome the effect of the increased hormones during pregnancy, sugar levels will rise, resulting in gestational diabetes.

Who is at Risk to Gestational Diabetes?

• Being Overweight prior to becoming pregnancy
• A family history of diabetes (so i fall into this category: grandpa and mom has got diabetes)
• Having gestational diabetes in previous pregnancy
• Above 25 years of age
• Previously giving birth to a baby over 9pounds
• Having too much amniotic acid (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniotic_fluid)

Gestational Diabetes is diagnosed by undergoing the OGTT test which involves drinking a sweetened liquid, which contains 50g of glucose. The body absorbs this glucose rapidly, causing blood sugar levels to rise within 30-60 minutes. A blood sample will be taken from a vein in your arm about 30 minutes after drinking the solution. The blood test measures how the glucose solution was metabolized (processed by the body).

If the test results are not normal, you will have a similar type of diabetes test that requires you to fast (not eat anything) before the test. If this second test yields abnormal results, you have gestational diabetes.

Gestational diabetes is managed by:
> Monitoring blood sugar levels
> Following specific dietary
> Exercising
> Monitoring weight gain
> Taking insulin, to lower blood sugar

Suggested Diet: > Eat three small meals and two or three snacks at regular times every day. > Eat less carbohydrate at breakfast because this is when insulin resistance is the greatest.
> Try to eat a consistent amount of carbohydrate during each meal and snack.
> Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day and avoid fatty, fried and greasy foods. >Choose foods high in fiber such as whole-grain breads, cereals, pasta, rice, fruits, and vegetables.
> Eat foods with less sugar and fat.
> Drink at least 8 cups (or 64 ounces) of liquids per day.

Possible Complications of Gestational Diabetes?
Labor and delivery are generally not affected by gestational diabetes. However, if the baby has grown too large, a cesarean delivery may be necessary.

Hey MTBs, those of us who have been diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes, let's stay positive, start our diet regime and try to maintain our condition; for our baby's sake, for our own sake!

Other than cutting down on carbohydrates, such as rice, potatoes, noodles and high sugar content food, anyone has got a 'good' diet to share??

The Core Values of Early Childhood Education

Many times, as parents, we wonder which teaching method is best for our child. We often exchange 'our' teaching methods with other parents and perhaps unconciously, we placed 'their' methods on our child; hoping or thinking that any ABC-methods works on 'ANY' child.

As Parents - when our child behaves incorrectly, have we consider what triggered them to behave in that particular way. Perhaps it was something they have seen and picked up (in their environment which they deemed 'correct'.

Have we really consider: 'How we should set good example ourselves' and the 'Do's and Dont's' in their presence.

Have we set restrictions solely for 'our convenience' or rather 'for safety reasons'.

How do we know if we are on the correct path (ourselves)?

A fundamental tenet of early childhood education is that we must treat children in an ethical fashion.

Ethical Principles >

1. Do what is right, just and good, rather than what is merely expedient, convenient or practical.

When trying to correct disruptive behaviour;
==> measures used must be effective
==> methods must effectively teach self-control to the children who are acting inconsiderately, so that they:

• can learn to cope with emotional setbacks without becoming over-whelmed;
• can develop pride in their ability to manage themselves; and
• do not become ostracised by others because of their inconsiderate actions.

2. Do no harm.

When wanting children to learn the correct behaviour or amend their wrongdoings, we do not;

• degrade them
• intimidate them
• humiliate them
• punish them with frightening disciplinary strategies
• place unnecessary restrictions on them - other than for safety reasons

3. Children deserves justice.

Give children equal and fair treatments; applied with reference to characteristics such as culture, gender, religion etc.

4. Any behavioral intervention to be delivered competently by someone with adequate training, eperience and supervision.

Education Tenets >

Children develop because of, rather than in, their environments. They construct their own unique perspectives of the world, shaped by both their makeup and their social settings. Hence it is important that the enviroment we provide for them must suit their present development needs and context. Children's behaviour is not determined by outside rewards nad punishments, but is driven by a whole constellation if internal and external factors, such as the child's home settings, their emotional needs, their problem-solving skills, the extent to which theyu feel accepted by peers and adults.

1. Focus on process rather than content

Knowing the facts (content) is less important than knowing how to acquire them (process). When it comes to learning self-discipline, we can highlight on the following:

• using language to negotiate with others and to direct one's own actions;
• understanding the relationships among objects, people and events and the effects of one's actions on others;
• practising problem-solving skills

2. Disposition

Key aim: to encourage in children positive attitudes to learning and to themselves as learners so that they remain willing to put in effort required to achieve.

Disposition includes: engagement, playfulness, motivation, persistence, independence, cooperativeness, curiosity, enthusiasm for learning, confidence, patience, exploration, adventurousness, intellectual rigour, creativity, open-mindedness, self-awareness and self-control.

We need to encourage children to be considerate of others, cooperate with others, exercise self-discipline and act morally. We must not only to make it easier for children to meet our expectations, but we must also make children more willing to do so. Only when they understand the reason behind their every act, in future they will treasure our good opinion of them and will seek to consider our needs as well as their own.

3. Emotional Support for Children

Children's self-esteem must remain intact throughout correction of their behaviour, hence we have to safeguard their emotional development by:

• establishing a safe and caring physical and emotional environment that supports and protects all their rights to learn and grow personally;
• helping them establish satisfying and successful social relationships;
• developing in each child a healthy self-esteem

Conclusion: Our children are learning, so are we. If we regard them as naughty each time their action is not on par to what we deem is right, den shouldn't we regard ourselves as the 'BIG naughty' for not guiding them the correct path in the first place.

What Can Fathers-To-Be (FTBs) Do To Help?

Pregnancy does not involve only the MTBs; FTBs play VERY important role too. Without them, where does our little ones come from?

And to all FTBs: "Your task doesn't ends there. The journey has just begun for your wife and definitely for YOU too. There is so much you can do to help, not just wait for the delivery of your baby."

Think about the 9months of hardships your wife will be going through; with the morning sickness, mood swings and difficulty to even turn to left/right side when sleeping in the night due to the big belly in months to come.

Morning sickness - does not affect ALL MTBs; Congratulations to those who doesn't experience extreme morning sickness or never at all. And count yourself lucky, FTBs, that your wife need not go through these morning sickness. Nevertheless, there are still other things like hormonal/physical changes which affects the moods of MTBs.

What can FTBs do?

1. Be patient

2. Be understanding

3. Give her your concern and love; shower her with lots of hugs and kisses

4. 'Store' your ego in the cupboard for the time being; go along with her wishes (as long as it doesn't 'kill'

5. Give her a massage wherever, whenever she complains of achiness

6. Help out with the household chores

7. Take interest when she starts talking; don't pretend, it SHOWS!

8. Be actively involved during her pregnancy and go shopping with her for baby's stuffs, gynae appointments, pre-natal classes, etc.

9. Solve all her doubts; do not brush it off by saying she is SENSITIVE - the word can 'kill'

10. Give her ALL your TIME; you are also making sure your days ahead are stress-free ;)

Finally after your baby is delivered, this is what you can do to help:-

1-10. ALL OF ABOVE + whatever she does with the baby; feeding, bathing, putting baby to sleep, spending time with baby (& her), etc etc.

Will any FTBs still ask: "What can I do???" :)

22.07.2009 ST Article: 'Want Bilingual Kids? Start from Birth'

In today's Straits Times, there was this article on:
'Want bilingual kids? Start from birth'

During my Montessori Teaching, we were taught that a child's development for language begins as early as from birth. The child absorbs all that is heard, lock it into his sub-concious mind, only to be revealed at the next appropriate timing.

Many of us tend to 'baby-talk' to our newborn; not knowing that our child has begun to absorb each and every word / tone. Many grandparents/elderlys say: our baby 'doesn't understand a single word we say', hence also 'baby-talks' to our children. We do so, not knowing that whatever they hear from us, eventually affects their language and behavioral developments.

As the saying goes: "Do as one is preach".

How best can we ensure that our child is receiving the best to aid in their development skills?
Well, it is time, we as parents start learning first.

We have to accept that children has the ability to pick up a new language EASILY, starting from birth, hence stop the 'baby-talks'. I am not asking parents to be stern to their child, however, regard them with respect, talk to them as if you would talk to your loved ones.

We have to understand that babies possess the innate ability - they are born able to distinguish all languages and this ability weakens as they grow older, by age seven. Hence the best time to learn a foreign language is between birth and the age of seven. We should start introducing at least 2 languages in the home-setting from their birth.

Who is the most qualified to fit in this task?
Answer: The child's parents / care-giver.

By exposing children to a second language often, they will then have a chance to hear and speak it regularly, thus developing their language development.

Facts: On average, monolingual and bilingual babies start talking around the age one and can say about 50 words by 18months.

If you want your child to be able to express his/her needs (so you can stop the frustrated 'guessing-game'), start NOW. Give them the proper guidance from their beginning and you will be free from those unnecessary frustration.

Good luck and happy learning :)

Relaxation Techniques (During Labour)

Purpose of Relaxation Techniques
Relaxing is an active, conscious release of tension. Doing physical relaxation techniques which release the voluntary muscles helps to reduce physical tension, reducing pain. It also can lead to a feeling of emotional well-being and security; this in turn reduces anxiety, which reduces our sensitivity to pain.

When to Use Relaxation Techniques
During early labor, it is easy to remain relaxed. This is a good time to begin consciously working on relaxation to help develop a good pattern that will stay with you as labor becomes more intense.

The techniques can be used throughout labor.

Tension Hold and Release:
Beginning at your toes, and moving up to your head, flex each of your muscles in turn, making it as tight as possible, then relax it completely. This allows you to feel and recognize tension, and feel the relief of releasing tension. Begin with inhaling, then hold breath while tightening muscle, then relax while breathing out.

Passive Relaxation:
Focus attention on your toes and feet. Just let go. Think how warm and relaxed they are. Focus on ankles and calves, think how loose and comfortable they are, and so on, up to your head, relaxing and releasing tension. Do deep, abdominal breathing.

Roving Body Check:
Breathe in, choosing a muscle to focus on. Breathe out, releasing all the tension in the muscle with the exhale.

Touch Relaxation:
During labor, it’s wonderful if the partner can see where the mom is holding tension (e.g. jaw, eyes, hands, or shoulders) and touch her there to encourage her to relax: he might just rest his hand there, or stroke lightly, or do a firm massage. This is most effective if you’ve practiced in advance. Practice tensing muscles, then having him touch the muscle. You release the tension, imagine that it’s flowing out of your body through his hand. When you begin practicing, tell him which muscle you are tensing. When you have practiced more, try playing a game, where he has to guess which muscle you are tensing.

Practicing Relaxation Techniques and Breathing Techniques before Labor
When practicing these techniques the first few times, make your environment as conducive as possible: dim lights, soft music, no interruptions. As you become more familiar with the techniques, and better able to reach a relaxed state, try using them in different positions, doing them while actively doing other activities (driving, cooking, talking on the phone) and when feeling stressed.

These techniques are helpful not only during labor, but in all of life.

To help yourself remember to practice techniques, set up cues. When waking up in the morning, do passive relaxation. When your partner’s had a hard day, use touch relaxation. And so on.

Breathing Techniques (@ The Appropriate Timing)

What Purpose Does Breathing Techniques Serve?
Breathing the appropriate way provides oxygen to mom and baby. If the muscles are well-oxygenated, they can function more effectively, so there will be less pain. If baby has plenty of oxygen, his heart rate will look great.

Rhythmic breathing promotes physical relaxation by reducing muscle tension, and promotes emotional relaxation by reducing anxiety.

It provide a means for distracting the woman from the pain of labor, giving her something to focus on other than the contraction.

When to Use Breathing Techniques?
No special breathing techniques are necessary in early labor, when you’re still easily distracted from focusing on contractions.
* Begin using techniques when you can no longer walk and talk during contractions.

Always use the most basic technique possible (those near the top of this list), using the least effort required to manage each contraction. This helps prevent fatigue, and helps avoid the sensation of having already used all the techniques early on, leaving you with no new resources later in labor.

1st Stage Breathing:
The Cleansing Breath
Technique: At the beginning of each contraction, take a deep breath in through your nose, then exhale through your mouth, loud enough that others can hear the exhale. When a contraction ends, take another deep cleansing breath, perhaps also yawning or stretching to release tension.

Benefits: Welcoming breath gives both mother and baby an extra boost of oxygen, serves as a signal to relax and focus, and informs partner and support people that a contraction has begun. Closing breath serves as a release, informs support people that contraction has passed, and serves as a reminder to relax between contractions.

Slow, Relaxed, Abdominal Breathing
Technique: Inhale slowly through your nose, allowing your belly to expand first, then your chest. Exhale slowly through your mouth, pursing your lips. Breathing should be slow and relaxed, about half your normal rate. 6-9 breaths per minute.

When to use: Use it through as much of labor as possible. Some women use it for their entire labor. Other women find that at some point in labor, they can no longer relax with this technique, and use other patterns and variations described below.

Benefits: Relaxing, slow, and effortless. Many women find that breathing slowly can induce a sense of peacefulness and safety that helps to release tension.

Light Breathing, a.k.a. Hee-Hee Breathing
Technique: Inhale and exhale through the mouth. Lips are relaxed, with a slight smile. On exhale, make a soft “hee” sound. To avoid hyperventilation, focus most of your attention on this exhale – let the inhale happen easily. Breathing is shallower than in slow breathing.
Frequency: Approximately one breath per second.

When to use: When deep breathing no longer seems enough to help with contraction.

Benefits: Helps with relaxation, distracts attention from contraction.

Hee-Hee-Blow Breathing
Technique: Similar to hee-hee breathing, except after two to five of those light exhales, do a slower exhale, blowing all the air out of your lungs, and letting yourself relax deeply with that deep exhale. Repeat the cycle. Find the number of breaths that work best for you. Some women do two hees, then a blow, others like 4 hees.

When to use: When Hee-Hee Breathing isn’t enough. Helpful during transition. Or, when you’re feeling light-headed from using light breathing pattern.

Benefits: Provides a rhythm to breathing. Helps to avoid hyperventilation. The blow breath helps to release tension.

Variable Hee-Blow Breathing
Technique: Partner randomly chooses a number of breaths to be done before each blow: 2, 3, or 4. For example, he holds up three fingers, mom does three hees, then he closes fist to show her to blow, then he holds up two fingers, etc.

When to Use: Best as a “take-charge” routine during transition. The birth companion can use when the mother is feeling out of control and panicky. Establish eye contact with her, and guide her through breathing until she is focused again.

Benefits: Distraction. Woman focuses on partner and on counting the breaths.

Slide Breathing
Technique: Take in a big deep breath. Exhale out in four short, light, puffing breaths. So, it’s IN-out-out-out-out.

When to use: anytime in active labor; alternative to light breathing or hee-hee-blow breathing.
Benefits: Similar to patterned hee-hee-blow. May be especially helpful for women with asthma.

Practicing Breathing Techniques before Labor
Practise deep, abdominal breathing at any time: while driving, reading, or watching TV, at work, at times of stress, etc. It is beneficial not only during labor, but in all of life.

It’s also important to practice the other techniques until you become comfortable with them, and can use each for two minutes without feeling out of breath. If you begin to feel lightheaded or dizzy, take a deep cleansing breath, and start over again. Practice in various positions: sitting, side-lying, standing, hands-and-knees.

To help yourself remember to practice breathing techniques, set up cues. For example, every time you’re at a red light, do hee-hee breathing. During TV commercials, do hee-blow.

Tip: if your mouth feels dry, try touching the tip of your tongue to the roof of your mouth.

2nd Stage Breathing:
How to Avoid Pushing, if necessary.
Technique: Lift your chin, and arch your back a little. Either: Breathe deeply, relaxing your body. Or: Pant, blowing lightly. Some people recommend visualizing a feather, and blowing just enough to keep the feather bouncing up and down in the air above your lips.

When to use: If you are experiencing the urge to push, and your caregiver has told you that it is too early to begin pushing, or that there is some need to stop pushing temporarily.

Benefits: This won’t prevent your uterus from pushing, and it won’t take away the urge to push. However, it does keep you from adding your voluntary strength to a pushing effort.

Breathing for Birth:
Breathing the baby out: Breathe in deeply, then on exhale, gently push downward with abdominal muscles, while visualizing the baby moving down and out. It may help to grunt or vocalize while exhaling. Continue this pattern through the contraction.

Pushing the baby out: During a contraction, when the urge to push becomes irresistible, then hold breath for five to seven seconds, while pushing. Then breathe deeply in and out again until the urge to push becomes strong. Repeat through contraction.

**Not recommended:
“Purple” pushing: Holding one's breath and pushing for as long as possible before coming up for air. This can cause a reduced oxygen supply to the fetus.

Stages and Phases of Labour

After covering the three trimesters in pregnancy, now comes the most crucial part, which you, me, every MTBs, would definitely am dying to know - The Stages and Phases of Labour!

I woke up this morning, thinking if it is necessary to enrol myself and my hubby for the childbirth class on 'Pain Relief' and 'Labour & Delivery'. Many says 'Go for it. Get yourself prepared'. Yet, when I think about it, lessons are in theory, we still won't be able to visualise how it is going to 'feel', as it differs for every individual. However, it is your decision. If you feel more 'prepared' unless you have attended the lessons, by all means ~ again, there's no right or wrong.
I have bought books from bookstores and basically they explained the different stages and phases of labour and what to expect as well. I surf the net on all topics and gain much knowledge as well, hence I decided to give the classes a 'Miss'.

For the benefits of MTBs, here's what I have consolidated (for your convenience).

The stages and phases (concurrently) are summarized as follows:-

1a. PreLabour - this could be a combination of physical signs such as a 'show' (mild bleeding), diarrhoea (or loose bowel motions), nausea, possibly vomiting, backache, period pain, perhaps the waters breaking or some mild to moderate regular or irregular contractions. During this time the cervix softens and ripens, thins out and starts to open slightly (or 'dilate'), up to about 1- 3cm.

1b. Early Phase of 1st Stage Labour - the contractions start to become regular and more painful. During this time the cervix is very thin and opens (or dilates) to about 3- 4cm or more - Try to relax, start to breathe along with some of the stronger contractions.

1c. Active phase of 1st stage or established labour (approx. 30mins to 10hours) - Contractions become stronger and closer together. During this time the cervix is opening (or dilating) from about 4 cm to around 7- 8cm. The terms 'active 1st stage' and 'established labour' essentially mean the same thing. Established labour is the term predominantly used by most caregivers.

1d. End of 1st Stage or Transition Period (approx. 10mins to 2.5hours) - During 'transition', the contractions become so strong and close together that many women experience the urges to push, or feelings of pressure in their bottom, as the baby's head moves lower down into their vagina. The woman can often experience feelings of being 'out of control' or not wanting to 'do it anymore'. Some women make lots of noise, or will moan or grunt at this time. The woman may seriously contemplate pain relief in transition, but often when they know they are nearly there, they are motivated to keep going. During transition the cervix opens from about 7- 8cm to 10 cms (or 'fully dilated').

2a. 2nd stage (approx. 5mins to 3hours) ; Resting phase - After transition, there is often a noticeable break between the contractions (or they may even stop for a while). This is a resting phase that can happen, as the mother's body re-adjusts to prepare for the pushing phase. Many women have no urge to push at this time. During the resting phase the cervix is fully dilated (10-cm). The water bag is now broken.

2b. 2nd stage; Active or pushing phase - The active, or pushing, phase of the 2nd stage of labour is normally characterised by very strong contractions, which are generally further apart than they were during the 1st stage. The woman usually has an urge to push (or a sensation of wanting to open her bowels). The baby is starting to make the journey out of the woman's uterus, through her pelvis and down the vagina (or birth canal).

2c. End of 2nd stage; 'Crowning' - The end of the 2nd stage is when the baby's head 'crowns' is clearly visible at the opening of the woman's vagina. The perineum is stretched to the maximum, and most women can often feel a strong, burning sensation. The woman usually needs to 'pant' or breathe at this time, rather than pushing, to help ease her baby's head out.

2d. The Birth - The baby's head is usually born with the next contraction after 'crowning'. The woman needs to wait for another contraction before the baby's body is born. Your baby has completed the birth journey into the outside world!

3. 3rd stage of labour - Within 5 to 20 minutes of the baby being born, the woman's uterus contracts again, and in doing this reduces the size. This action shears the placenta off the wall of the uterus, so that it can come down and out the birth canal.

Wow, that is a whole lot of stages and phases, looks simple, but it is definitely not.

So are you opting for delivery with / without epidural??

Next entry I shall touch on 'Breathing Techniques'.

The Third Trimester

Finally, we have come to the third trimester; also the FINAL :). Another three more months to go and our baby will physically in our arms ~ what a journey!

This is the time we prepare for our baby's delivery. Perhaps most MTBs will be excited going through the checklist for baby's stuffs, or deciding whether to do it the 'natural-natural' delivery or using pain-relief (epidural). Whichever method we choose, our hope is to have a smooth and safe delivery.

What we will experience during this period:
1. Some uncomfort due to our weight increase, and false labour contractions.

2. Hair grows at a faster rate on the arms, legs and face; due to increased hormone stimulation of hair follicies.

3. An increased in body temperature as fetus continue to grow.

4. An increased in urinary frequency as fetus growth adds the more pressure to our bladder. DO NOT cut back fluid intake - just visit the restroom when you need.

5. More swelling, especially to ankles, fingers and face; due to water retention. Continue to drink lots of water and rest (on your left) when you can with feet elevated.

Caution: If sudden, extreme swelling is observed in any of the mentioned areas, or a sudden weight gain, consult doctor immediately as this may be a sign of preeclampsia; high blood pressure. In most serious case, it can restrict blood flow to the placenta. Should the blood flow to the placenta be restricted it could seriously harm your baby.

6. Colostrum, a fluid in the breasts that nourishes the baby until breast milk becomes available, may begin to leak from the nipple. Colostrum is the first milk that your breasts produce for your baby. It is a thick, yellowish fluid that contains antibodies that protect new babies from infections. If leaking becomes a problem, purchase disposable or cloth nursing pads (that we can use when nursing our newborn) to place inside our bra. Our breasts have most likely increased in size and fullness as pregnancy has advanced. As we near the end of our pregnancy, hormones in our body cause our breasts to increase even more in size, to prepare for breastfeeding. Your breasts can feel full and heavy, and they might be tender or uncomfortable. Time to buy a well-fitting maternity or nursing bra which offer extra support.

7. We will feel fatigue as we are carrying more weight now and may have trouble sleeping at night. Make sure we have more rest and cut down on nonessential activities, to prepare us for labour and delivery.

8. Periods of shortness of breath as our body takes in more oxygen to use with development of our baby.

Solution: Sit up straight rather than in a slumping-position. Avoid overexertion, and sleep in a semi-propped-up position with two or three pillows.

Caution: If with ample rest, fatigue still persists, consult doctor as this may be a sign of anemia; lack of iron.

9. Sex during the last trimester may be uncomfortable for some, due to increasing belly size. However, it does not mean that sex during pregnancy is unsafe or uncomfortable for all; listen to your body - and doctor's advice.

10. Experienced of Braxton Hicks Contraction (False Labour). These uterine contractions begin sometime after the 20th week of pregnancy and usually feel like a painless tightening of your uterus. They last about fifteen or thirty seconds. It becomes more frequent as deliuvery date draws near.

Solution: To relieve any discomfort during these contractions try changing your position and moving around. Many women find that they can use this time to practice their breathing exercises in preparation for the delivery. If you find that the contractions are very frequent or are accompanied by pain or vaginal discharge, report them immediately.

Other Continuation of Previous Symptoms includes:-
- More frequent leg cramp
- Worsen constipation; drink lots of water, increase intake of whole grains, vegetables, fruits.
- Worsen heartburn as baby gets bigger and uterus pushes on stomach.
- Increased white colored vaginal discharge.
- Backaches

Okay, so much for sharing with you what I have learnt.

Now, I myself am in the third trimester. Am I excited? You bet!

I can feel Alexis's movement every now and then. She seems to be more active during night time, and early in the morning (starting from 4-5am!). She responds to my calling her by giving me a 'punch'. Other than these cute and amazing responses from her, of course there are discomforts.

Like those symptoms I mentioned above, my urine frequency increased tremendously; I can visit the restroom as much as 7-8 times within a 3-hours period (while I am taking my morning nap after breakfast). Backaches getting intense. Oh, my fingers (knuckles) feel pain too, especially during the night and early in the morning - could be due to water retention. Feeling fatigue than previous and of course, a little clumsier as belly size increased.

However the discomforts are, I am preparing myself for labour and delivery and YES, looking forward to it. Now my only concern is - to go for 'natural-natural' or epidural. How strong is my threshold for pain?? God, I ask for you to give me the strength.

Can anyone tell me HOW pain is it???

Pointers to Pumping Breast Milk

Why would we need to pump our breast milk?
--> The most common reason to pump is to collect our milk so our baby can have it when we are not around.

--> Pumping also means we can have Daddy feed our baby; creating 'their' bond.

--> Using a breast pump can stimulate our milk production and increase our supply.

--> We can also collect milk to feed a premature baby or one who have difficulty latching-on to our breast, or to relieve the pain and pressure of engorged breasts.

How do we use a breast pump?
For Electric Pump: put a breast cup or shield over our breast, turn the machine on, and let it do the work of suctioning your milk into an attached container.

For Manual Pump: extract the milk into a breast cup or shield by operating a squeeze mechanism or pulling a plunger with our hand - I heard it could take about 30~45 minutes.

*Remember to clean the pump parts carefully after each session to prevent bacteria from getting into them.*

What kind of pump should we use?
--> It all depends on individual preferences; having an fully automatic pump is ideal for full-time working mothers.

How do we store breast milk?
--> Best to put breast milk in plastic or glass feeding bottles with secure caps to seal in freshness.

--> Remember to write the date on the bottle or bag before putting it in the refrigerator or freezer so you'll know when you pumped it.

--> Use fresh, refrigerated milk within 72 hours.

--> Warm the refrigerated milk in a bowl of warm water.

* Breast milk is different from formula milk. The fat is separated and float to the top, and sometimes the milk has a bluish hue - it is NORMAL.

What can we do if we have trouble pumping?
Here are some reasons we may be having trouble getting much milk out and some tips for what to do about it:

• We may be pumping too soon after the last session of nursing or pumping. We won't get much milk out of our breasts if we or our baby has just recently done a good job of draining them.

• We may need to change the settings on your pump. It can be hard to get enough milk if the suction pressure is too low or the cycling speed is too fast.

• We may not be using a very good breast pump; best results can be derived from a high-quality, fully automatic pump.

• The shields may be too small for our nipples. This is a common problem because most pumps come with shields that are designed for women with small nipples. If this is the case, our nipples may swell up once we start to pump, and that can reduce the amount of milk we will be able to get out of our breasts. Many breast pump companies now make breast shields in larger sizes. Make sure we are using the size that's right for us.

• We may just not be producing very much milk. There are many reasons for this, including not nursing often enough.

**Happy Pumping** =)

What Causes Low Milk Supply And What Can We Do?

How can we assure we have sufficient milk for breastfeeing?

Most mothers are concern if their milk supply is adequate, especially when they begin breastfeeding. In some cases a mother isn't able to produce enough milk to meet the needs of her baby. But according to many experts, true milk insufficiencies are rare.

Many women think their milk supply is low when it isn't. This can happen if you lose the feeling of fullness in your breasts, or if milk stops leaking from your nipples —but these are actually natural, common signs that your body has adjusted to your baby's feeding requirements. A baby going through a growth spurt may also want more milk than usual, and his more frequent feedings may leave your breasts less full than usual.

However, DO NOT IGNORE the low supply as it may put babies at risk for malnutrition.

What causes low milk supply?
A mother's milk supply may diminish temporarily if she's not feeding her baby often enough because of nipple pain, a lethargic nurser, or a poor latch-on technique; an incorrect latch-on technique will lead to our baby not getting enough supply.

How to tell whether our baby is getting enough milk supply?
First, we rule out false alarms about our milk supply:

• Our baby gains an ounce a day in the first three months of life and half an ounce a day from age 3 to 6 months. (Newborns will typically lose between 5 and 10 percent of their birth weight in the first few days before gaining it back.) Our baby should be back to his birth weight by ten to 14 days after birth. Weight gain is the best way to make sure your baby's getting enough milk.

• In the first month, our baby has at least three stools a day and they lighten to a yellowy-mustard color by the fifth day after birth. After the first month, the stools become less frequent. Some babies will even go a day or two between stools.

• He nurses frequently — every two to three hours, for a total of at least eight to 12 feedings a day.

• We hear him swallow and notice milk in the corners of his mouth.• He appears healthy and active.

• He wets seven or eight cloth diapers a day, or five to six disposables. (Note: Wet diapers alone are not enough to determine whether your baby's getting enough milk: A dehydrated baby can still wet a diaper. Stools and weight gain are the best ways to tell how your baby's doing.)

What to do if we are not producing as much milk as we (and our baby) would like?

•Feed our baby often as frequent nursing sessions stimulate our body to produce more milk.

•Make sure our latch-on technique is correct.

•When our baby's sucking and swallowing pattern slows down, use our fingers to compress our breast to increase milk flow to our baby and to completely drain the breast.

•When milk flow with compression seems to be slowing, switch sides and repeat. An effective feed will be to nurse our baby for ten to 15 minutes per breast, then use a breast pump to completely drain your breasts; this will increase milk production. When baby is sleepy, try waking him by switching sides (thus stimulating your glands to produce more milk).

• Mothers who determine that their milk output is actually low may want to have their thyroid level checked. A low thyroid level is known to reduce milk supply.

• If you're not sure your baby is sucking well, or are still concerned about your milk supply, don't hesitate to call on a lactation consultant for help.

*Try drinking condensed milk or taking papaya - heard it helps. No Harm trying though :)

Will low supply affect my baby?
Yes, if our baby regularly needs more milk than he gets, he could fail to thrive, a condition that can inhibit physical and mental development. Call your doctor and schedule a checkup right away if he's not gaining weight, or is losing weight.

Can we still nurse?
Yes, especially if you're suffering from a temporary decrease in milk supply, nursing frequently is the key to boosting milk production.

**HAPPY BREASTFEEDING** =)

How Far R U Willing to Sacrifice For Your Child?

In all corners of the world, most talk about the joys in having a baby, what a baby brings to the family - happiness, closeness etc...

During the 9 months of pregnancy , most mothers undergo great changes mentally & physically. Mentally - they are getting themselves ready to accept all changes that are about to surface during and after the 9 months, they make plans & decisions on either to quit their job (if they r working) or to get back to work soon after the confinement period (get their mother to help look after the child), etc. Physically - the 2/3 times expansion of their body-size, the possibility of regaining their original 'slim-&-sleek' figure...

A common phrase "Don't worry. Take things naturally as it comes. All will be fine".

Have you ever seen a Mother-to-be (MTB) in a total relaxation state? Good for you if you have - that lady must be the most fortunate mother in the world! Probably I'm not lucky enough to have met one. Most MTBs whom I've met, either they are too tensed-up, or they just can't wait to for the arrival so that they can cuddle, kiss, shower him with 100% love. They just can't stop talking about the 'little one', not for a single day, though it's my pleasure to have this joy shared with.

After the arrival of the child, family members, relatives & friends pay their visits at the hospital. Everyone crowds around the new-born, admiring yet another miracle that has surface to this complicated world. The mother & father of the child, the grandparents, are congratulated, the child receives blessings from all. Throughout the next few days (in hospital), the mother & father of the newborn felt a great sense of achievement - "This is our CREATION!" & they are full of SMILES when visitors arrives.

Next, comes the crucial part: The mother of new-born undergo a one-month 'recuperation' period known as confinement. Either her own mother, mother-in-law or a confinement lady will be employed to provide necessary help in looking after the baby & his mother.

From my point of view, the child is the happiest during this & the next few months because he gets to see his mother almost everyday, 24hrs. Isn't this what he has been waiting for, for the past 9mths? Eager to catch a glimpse of how his parents look like."Hey, little one! Your 1st wish is fulfilled!" What more can you asked ya....Ya,what more?? If your mom decides (or can afford) to take you in her own hands, at least for the next few years of your childhood life - YOU SHALL BE ONE OF THE MOST FORTUNATE ONES ; enjoy your memorable childhood...if your mom decides to get back to work (or can't afford to stay home because of realistic + unrealistic commitments & dreams), do not despair - you still have granny, grandpa OR 'Maria-Aunty'.

In this ever-changing modernisation, every one's seeking to live up to the 'higher standard of living'.

"Pardon me, you are a simple person seeking for a simple life?"

"O c'mon, let's be frank."

Don't give yourselves convenient phrases like: 'everyone gotta survive' - (Nobody's asking you to stop having dreams or fun - just do it moderately). 'We've got 1 more mouth to feed' - (No one is being forced to have a child. U choose to have the extra mouth so don't put it as though there's another burden to think of). 'The living standard & expenses are high' - (If you've planned to have a child, be prepared for sacrifices) ~ NO PAIN, NO GAIN ;)

There's really no right or wrong in the way one chooses to have their children brought up. Many are concern about future expenses like children's education, every individual family have a different list of concerns. I agree, every parent knows what is best for their children, every family faces a different issue.

If we just take a step back & try to analyse it clearer, we probably see that $ is the main concern here; in our current society. Everyone is so pre-occupied with what they want in life, what they want for their child, that MOST have overlooked: WHAT EXACTLY DOES THE CHILD WANTS / NEEDS? WHAT IS MOST IMPORTANT IN THE DAYS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD?

It is only during this period of probably about 7 years or slightly more, that your child will have with you. After which, he/she will start having friends & soon before you realise, they are on their own. Alright, let's be fair. All of us have dreams to fulfill, who doesn't? How about giving your child a mere 3 years of your time, & in return, you leave him/her the best childhood any child would wished for.

Probably one would comment 'how can I leave a child of 3 yrs-old, with childhood memories when he/she doesn't even know what is going on?'

My reply to you: "Do you really think the child is 'empty' up there? You will be amazed at the tedious construction of his character-building & self-esteem the child is working on at this point of time (0-3 yrs). And without you, his main guidance, do you think he will give his best performance? Think again!"

Best of luck to all who is planning for a baby or already have one. May God Bless Our Precious Children!

p.s. There is no right or wrong, it also doesn't mean one is a 'bad' mummy if she isn't sacrificing. Ultimately, every one of us wants the Best for our child.

"We are a cash-rich, time-poor society. So often it is the children who lose out. I welcome Keep Time for Children because it encourages me to give my children what I believe they will treasure most as they look back on these years - my time." - Jonathan Edwards, Olympic Champion

The Second Trimester

The 2nd Trimester (13-28 weeks) is most physically enjoyable for most MTB, you will be glowing and feeling energetic. While some pregnancy sypmtoms, such as a morning sickness and nausea can abate, new ones can begin. What follows is a list of chang

es that you may see in your body during this trimester.

Skin Changes, Stretch Marks and Increasing Belly Size. The uterus has grown to the height of the belly button, making the pregnancy visible. Your baby is growing fast and occupying more room and any day now you will feel your little one move inside you. You may notice that skin pigmentation may change on the face or abdomen due to the pregnancy hormones. This usually disappears after pregnancy.

Tips to help minimize or prevent stretch marks:
1. Keep your weight gain steady and under control
2. Promote elasticity in your skin by nourishing it with a good diet
3. Drink plenty of fluids, especially water
4. Use a stretch mark cream or a prevention cream

Abdominal and Lower Backache
As your uterus and abdomen expands, you might feel pains in your abdomen, groin area or thighs. You may feel backaches due to your increasing weight. You'll also experiencing aching near your pelvic bone from the pressure of the baby's head, your increased weight and the loosening joints in these areas. The lower abdomen may ache as ligaments stretch to support the uterus. Lying down, resting or applying heat can help resolve some of these aches and pains. Also, wearing a support girdle can help relieve back pain.

Urination Frequency may decrease as the uterus grows out of the pelvic cavity; relieving pressure on the bladder.

Nose Bleeds and Gum Bleeds
Increase in hormones such as estrogen and progesterone can affect the mucous membranes in the nose and gums. The hormones cause an increased blood flow to the mucous membranes of the nose and gums, which can lead to nasal congestion causing nose to bleed and spongier gums will thus bleed more easily.

Vaginal Discharge
A white-colored discharge called leukorrhea is normal. However a colored or bloody discharge may signal possible complications and should be examined immediately.

Tingling and Itching In the Fingers
This is common occurrence during prgnancy due to the swelling of tissues in the narrow passages of your wrists.. The swollen tissues put pressure on nerves which can cause numbness and tingling. Also, due to the stretching of your skin, it is common to experience some itching over the stretched tissue, particularly over the abdomen. These symptoms normally disappear after you deliver your baby.

Sleeping Trouble
Tips to help you get a better night's rest:
1. Engage in light exercise.
2. Use a body pillow for support.
3. Do not nap too much during daytime.
4. Limit intake of liquids after 6pm if you frequently wakes up in the night for urination.
5. Follow and stick to a regular sleep pattern, even during weekends.

Quickening of Fetal Movement
You may be able to feel the movement of the fetus for the first time. This phenomenon is called quickening and is typically felt by the end of the 5th month. On average, quickening is felt first between the 18th and 22nd weeks. Variations are normal and women who have had a baby before are likely to experience movement earlier. The actual movement and kicking is normally felt by the end of the 7th month. A 3D ultrasound (at this time) can provide a particularly vivid image of exactly what your baby is up to!

Heart burn, indigestion and constipation may continue. You may try to tale a glass of prune juice first thing in the early morning before your breakfast - it helps for me =p.

My 2nd Trimester - I was scheduled for the Anomaly scan. Most women are offered second trimester scan between weeks 18 - 22 to check on the baby's development. The scan is detailed and the whole scan last for nearly half an hour. Scan result was GOOD, confirmed the genda (our princess, Alexis), and she weighs nearly half a kilo!

The morning sickness sunk in all the way till into the 16th week! Hey friends, that is almost 5 months! It started to improve during my 5th months and yes I was glad it is finally almost over; though not TOTALLY.

During the end of my 1st trimester, I began to have acute migraine, daily from early evening (at work) and all the way till I reach home. During the night, my whole body was so tensed up and it affected my sleep. I went back to my gynae for help. She prescribed some mild medication to relieve my migraine and tension and I was given another week of MC to rest. I thought I will be 'okay' but NO - the day I returned back to work, the migraine started and the tension sunk in again. I discussed with Aaron, and we decided that I cannot go on like this as it would be 'bad' for Alexis's growth. The next day, I tendered my resignation because nurturing Alexis has become
my priority.

The First Trimester

An average pregnancy takes about 9months and it is divided into 3-trimesters; the 1st from 0-3months, 2nd from 4-6months and 3rd from 7-9months.

Early development:
The actual pregnancy begins at the time the egg is fertilized by a sperm cell. During the following week, the fertilized egg grows into a microscopic ball of cells (blastocyst), which implants on the wall of your uterus. This implantation triggers a series of hormonal and physical changes in your body.

The 3rd through 8th weeks of growth are called the embryonic stage, during which the embryo develops most major body organs. During this process, the embryo is especially vulnerable to damaging substances, such as alcohol, radiation, and infectious diseases - Avoid caffeine drinks.

By the 9th week, the embyro, now called a fetus, would have reached a little more than 1inch in length. By now, the uterus has grown from about the size of a fist to about the size of a grapefruit.

Additional changes related to pregnancy:
Throughout the pregnancy, you may notice a number of mild to severe effects, including:

1. Constipation, due to hormonal changes that slow down the normal function of your bowels. Iron in your prenatal vitamin can also cause constipation. Solution: Drink lots of water or prune juice.

2. Mood Swings, which can be caused by hormonal changes, extreme fatigue, or the stress of expecting a new baby. Solution: Take time to rest as much as possible. Stay relax and refrain from getting agitated unnecessarily. (For working mothers - A short 20min. nap helps)

3. Vaginal discharge changes. A thin, milky-white discharge (leukorrhea) is normal throughout pregnancy. Also, the tissues lining the vagina become thicker and less sensitive during pregnancy. Vaginal yeast infections, which are more common in pregnancy because of the increased levels of hormones. Solution: Keep vaginal area clean at all times. Consult your gynae for safe medication.

4. Spotting can occur at any point in your pregnancy. Spotting is slight bleeding usually noticed when wiping or as slight staining of your underwear. It can be pink, red or brown colored blood and may be rather faint. Spotting or bleeding during early pregnancy can be a symptom of an ectopic pregnancy. An extopic pregnancy is a pregnancy where the fertilized egg attaches to someplace outside of the uterus. It is also sometimes called a tubal pregnancy if it attaches to one of the fallopian tubes. Solution: Seek emergency consultation without further delay. Abstain from intercourse, heavy lifting, exercising. STAY IN BED.

5. Morning Sickness. You may feel nausea at anytime of the day. Solution: Avoid taking a full meal. Take frequent light meals. If vomiting is so extreme (like my case), consult gynae for anti-vomiting pills.

My First Trimester was BAD (and worrying). Aaron and I was thrilled with the 'pregnant' news. We even started thinking of names for our baby!

My worry starts one day when Aaron, as usual came to pick me after work. I went to the ladies and got a shocked! My pantyliner was stained with blood! I panicked but try my best to compose myself. Told Aaron and we headed straight to Thomson Medical Emergency. It was after 8pm and I was showed into a waiting room where I was made to lie down on the bed while waiting anxiously for my gynae to arrive. Tears rolled down my cheeks, I was worried sick that something may happen, but Aaron was there to comfort me, telling me everything is going to be fine. My gynae arrived soon, did a scan and assured me that my baby is FINE! Tears started trickled down again, this time, a tear of relief! I was given 10days of medical leave to do nothing but REST-in-bed for the next 10days.

Staying at home - doesn't it sounds GOOD? Oh no... the following days were terrible. My morning sickness starts and hey - don't be mislead by the term 'morning'. Believe it or not, I vomited almost after every meal and drink! My taste buds tasted funny throughout the day and I simply lost all appetite. Even my most favourite 'hokkien noodle' tasted WEIRD! I felt so terrible and SICK that I told Aaron, 'we will just go for ONE baby'.

10 days later, Aaron accompanied me back to my gynae for review and she did a scan for me. She assured me that baby is growing and we heard the baby's heartbeat (via the machine)! "Baby's heartbeat is strong", informed my gynae. We were both thrilled.

During the initial appointment, I was given a urine, blood and cervical swap test and then was scheduled for an OSCAR Test (Assesment of Risk for Fetal Anomalies) on the 12th week of my pregnancy; the test result was GOOD!

In total, I was given 3 weeks of hospitalization leave because I was feeling so restless and drowsy with the endless vomitting. Friends and Colleagues told me the morning sickness will normally stop coming to the end of the 1st Trimester - NOT TRUE!

Things To Avoid During Pregnancy

Congratulations to becoming a MUMMY :).

Once the news of your pregnancy spreads, advices starts pouring in out of nowhere. The elderlys will have a list of Do's & Dont's, our friends will share their wonderful experiences with us, the phone keeps ringing and the phone bill starts rolling too :). We can't deny we have suddenly become the centre of attraction, the 'talk' of the month?? Everyone suddenly seems so 'concern' and (let's not deny) it sorts of gets into our nerves. Ok, take a deep breath, and RELAX. We are supposed to stay HAPPY and CALM.

There may be many lists of Do's & Don'ts, varying from different age groups; some may be true, some merely myths. Follow your heart, no one can really force you to adhere to their list - You are the mother, you take the shots now.

Nothing is more important to an expectant mom than the health and safety of her unborn child. Fortunately, you can protect your baby by avoiding risks that can complicate a pregnancy or cause harm to your baby. Followings are a list of medically proven of things pregnant women should avoid. Let's stay focus on this instead.

Avoid Stress.
Stress can cause constipation, back pain, insomnia, and even lead to preterm or low birth weight. Stress can deter the growth development of your child.

Avoid tobacco smoke.
Smoking is extremely harmful to your unborn baby (as well as to yourself) and must be completely avoided. Avoid even 2nd-hand smoke. When you smoke, your baby gets less oxygen, causing your baby to grow more slowly and gain less weight. Tobacco smoke has also been linked to preterm labor and other pregnancy complications.

Avoid Over-the-Counter Medication.
Consult your gynae whenever you are unwell. Only medicines prescribed by your gynae is consider safe because everything you take passes through your placenta to your unborn baby also.

Avoid Caffeine.
During pregnancy, it’s wise to avoid coffee, tea, or sodas that contain caffeine, because when you drink caffeine, you’re also feeding this stimulant to your unborn baby. Caffeine stimulates the heart and brain, and is an addictive substance with drug-like qualities.

Avoid Vitamin A Supplements.
Vitamin A is abundant in so many foods. Too much of it during pregnancy can be toxic to the baby and may cause birth defects or miscarriage.

Avoid Pesticides and Paint.
During the first trimester, the baby's nervous system is growing rapidly, so it's especially important to avoid pesticides and toxic fumes during that time. Pregnant women should avoid stripping paint, in case it contains lead. Lead has been shown to harm the baby's developing brain and nervous system.

Avoid Saunas, Jacuzzis and Tanning Beds.
Pregnant women get overheated more easily due to their hormonal changes and the additional heat from the baby's body. Overheating from saunas and Jacuzzis will lead to babies with neural defects (when the brain and spinal chord don't form properly). Tanning beds should be avoided because stretched skin is more vulnerable to burning.

Avoid Fish Containing Mercury.
Fish known to contain mercury in their fatty tissues are: shark, swordfish, king mackerel, fresh tuna, sea bass, and tilefish. When a pregnant woman consumes large amounts of mercury, the baby may suffer brain damage.

Avoid Alcohol.
Alcoholic beverages of any and all kinds are not to be consumed during pregnancy. If you have a drink, the alcohol passes through your bloodstream into the placenta, and your baby has a drink of equal strength to your own. But because the baby is so much smaller and still developing, the alcohol can have devastating effects: your baby could be born with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and/or have mental and physical defects.

Avoid being Superstitious.
Always keep your mind clear and not worry over unnecessary matters. When a mother always live in doubts, her health and mind will be affected and ultimately this affects your baby. Try asking the advicer, what is the logic and explanation behind their 'advice' - don't be surpised because most of the time, there is NONE.

Like I said, everything you do, everything you eat and drink, and everything you don't eat and drink has an influence on the development of your growing baby. Knowing what to avoid can help you make all the best choices for a healthy pregnancy. Be HAPPY and enjoy the journey!